COVID-19 vaccination is safe and effective. It gives you the best protection against COVID-19.
Who can get a COVID-19 vaccine
You may be able to get different doses of the COVID-19 vaccine depending on your age and if you're at increased risk from COVID-19.
This can include getting:
Which COVID-19 vaccine will I get?
There are several different COVID-19 vaccines in use in the UK. They have all met strict standards of safety, quality and effectiveness.
Most people can have any of the COVID-19 vaccines and will be offered 1 that gives protection from multiple types of COVID-19.
You cannot usually choose which vaccine you have.
Some people are only offered certain vaccines, for example:
- if you're pregnant
- if you're under 18 years
- in very rare cases if you’ve had a severe allergic reaction to 1 of the common vaccines you may be referred to a specialist clinic for an alternative COVID-19 vaccine
Children under 12 years will be given smaller doses than older children and adults.
How well do the COVID-19 vaccines work?
Anyone who gets COVID-19 can become seriously ill or have long-term effects (long COVID). COVID-19 is usually mild in most children, but it can make some children unwell.
The COVID-19 vaccines are the best way to protect yourself and others. Research has shown the vaccines help:
- reduce your risk of getting seriously ill or dying from COVID-19
- reduce your risk of catching and spreading COVID-19
- protect against different strains (variants) of COVID-19
A 1st dose should give some protection from 3 or 4 weeks after having it. A 2nd dose gives stronger and longer-lasting protection.
If you're at increased risk, a booster dose helps you maintain strong protection from becoming seriously ill or needing to go to hospital if you catch COVID-19.
There is a chance you might still get or spread COVID-19 even if you have a vaccine, so it's important to follow advice about how to avoid catching and spreading COVID-19.
The COVID-19 vaccines can cause some side effects, but not everyone gets them.
Find out more about COVID-19 vaccine side effects and safety
More information about the COVID-19 vaccines
Find out more about the COVID-19 vaccines currently available in the UK, including their ingredients:
- Moderna (Spikevax) COVID-19 vaccine patient leaflet on GOV.UK
- Pfizer/BioNTech (Comirnaty) COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 12 and over patient information leaflet on GOV.UK
- Pfizer/BioNTech (Comirnaty) COVID-19 vaccine for children aged 5 to 11 patient information leaflet on GOV.UK
- Novavax (Nuvaxovid) COVID-19 vaccine patient information leaflet on GOV.UK