Tendonitis is inflammation (swelling) of a tendon, which can cause pain in the affected area. It can affect tendons around the shoulder, elbow, wrist, finger, thigh, knee or back of the heel.
Tendonitis is caused by overusing a tendon or injuring it, for example during sport (see Causes, above).
Tendonitis is quite common and can affect anyone, but particularly adults who do a lot of sports. Also, tendons lose their elasticity and become weaker over time, making tendonitis more likely in the elderly.
What are tendons?
Tendons are the tough, rubbery cords that link muscles to bones. They help move the bones and joints when the muscles contract.
For example, the tendons you can see on the back of your hands move your fingers and are joined to the muscles in the forearm.
Some tendons are covered with a protective sheath of tissue called synovium. Between the synovium and the tendon is a small amount of greasy fluid that helps the tendon move easily and prevents friction.
What is tenosynovitis?
If the sheath surrounding the tendon (rather than the tendon itself) becomes inflamed, the condition is called tenosynovitis. Tendonitis and tenosynovitis can occur at the same time.
Experts use the term 'tendinopathies' to describe tendon injuries collectively.
Can it be treated?
Usually, painkillers and an ice pack will relieve symptoms until the tendonitis goes away after a few days. It is important to stop doing the activity that caused it.
More persistent cases may need physiotherapy or shock wave therapy (see Treatment, above).
