A hysteroscopy is a procedure used to examine the inside of the uterus (womb). It is done using a hysteroscope, a narrow tube with a telescope at the end. Images are sent to a computer to give a close-up of the womb.
A hysteroscopy is a common procedure done routinely as an out-patient operation or day case, so you do not have to stay in hospital overnight. It can help to give a clear diagnosis of problems you are experiencing and help to decide the right treatment for you.
There are two types of hysteroscopy:
Diagnostic hysteroscopy
A diagnostic hysteroscopy is used to look for abnormalities in the womb and find the cause of any symptoms. These can include:
- heavy or irregular periods
- pelvic pain
- unusual vaginal discharge
- repeated miscarriage
- infertility
It can be performed with or without a local anaesthetic that numbs the area around the womb.
Operative hysteroscopy
A hysteroscopy is described as operative when it involves an additional procedure such as a biopsy or treatment.
If an abnormality is suspected when viewing the inside of your womb, a small sample of tissue, called a biopsy, may be taken to be examined.
If a medical condition is diagnosed straight away, such as a polyp (a projecting mass of overgrown tissue), it may be treated at the same time as your hysteroscopy.
The most common treatments carried out during a hysteroscopy include the removal of:
- polyps
- adhesions and scar tissue in the womb
- fibroids (non-cancerous growths) in the womb
- a lost or stuck contraceptive device
A contraceptive device can also be fitted during it.
If your surgeon thinks they may have to treat a condition or take a biopsy during your hysteroscopy, they will discuss this with you and ask for your consent before the procedure.
If extensive treatment is expected, an operative hysteroscopy may require a general anaesthetic (when you are asleep).
You should not have a hysteroscopy if you are pregnant, have a vaginal or urinary tract infection or if you have cancer of the womb.
