After fertilisation, the egg should move down into the womb to develop. Sometimes it gets stuck in the fallopian tube and begins to grow there. This is called an ectopic, or tubal pregnancy.
Rarely, the egg can become stuck elsewhere, such as the ovary or the cervix (neck of the womb). The fertilised egg can’t develop properly and your health may be at serious risk if the pregnancy continues. The egg has to be removed – this can be through an operation or medicines.
A common cause of an ectopic pregnancy is damage in the fallopian tube, possibly as a result of an infection. The risk can also be increased if you have had a previous ectopic pregnancy, or previous abdominal surgery. The warning signs of ectopic pregnancy start soon after a missed period, and are:
- severe pain on one side, low down in the abdomen
- vaginal bleeding or a brown watery discharge
- pain in your shoulders
- feeling dizzy or faint
- pain when you have a bowel movement
If you have any of these symptoms and you might be pregnant – even if you have not had a positive pregnancy test – you should see your doctor immediately.
Some women have no obvious signs or symptoms at all, and an ectopic pregnancy may sometimes be mistaken for irritable bowel syndrome, food poisoning or appendicitis.
Afterwards
You may feel a strong sense of loss, and you should give yourself time to grieve. An ectopic pregnancy involves abdominal surgery or treatment with powerful medicines and it may affect your chances of becoming pregnant again.
Talk to your doctor to discuss the possible causes and whether your chances of conceiving a baby have been affected.
The following organisations can offer information and support:
The Ectopic Pregnancy Trust, helpline 020 7733 2653
The Miscarriage Association
Infertility Network UK
