Tubal pregnancy
After fertilisation, the egg should move down the fallopian tube into the womb to develop. Sometimes it gets stuck in the tube and begins to grow there. This is called an ectopic or tubal pregnancy.
Rarely, the egg can become stuck elsewhere, such as the ovary or the cervix (neck of the womb). The fertilised egg can't develop properly and your health may be at serious risk if the pregnancy continues. The egg has to be removed, either through an operation or medicines.
A common cause of an ectopic pregnancy is damage in the fallopian tube, possibly as a result of an infection. The risk can also be increased if you have had a previous ectopic pregnancy or previous abdominal surgery.
The warning signs of ectopic pregnancy can start at any time, from soon after a missed period to around 14 weeks of pregnancy. Symptoms include:
- severe pain on one side, low down in the abdomen
- vaginal bleeding or a brown watery discharge
- pain in your shoulders
- feeling dizzy or faint
- pain when you have a bowel movement
If you have any of these symptoms and you might be pregnant – even if you have not had a positive pregnancy test – you should see your doctor immediately. You can find out more about:
Some women have no obvious signs or symptoms at all, and an ectopic pregnancy may sometimes be picked up only at an ultrasound scan. Ectopic pregnancy symptoms may be mistaken for irritable bowel syndrome, food poisoning or appendicitis.
Afterwards
You may feel a strong sense of loss, and you should give yourself time to grieve. Treating ectopic pregnancy will either involve abdominal surgery – usually carried out via laparoscopy, or keyhole surgery – or the use of powerful medicines.
Both of these options may affect your chances of becoming pregnant again. Talk to your doctor to discuss the possible causes and whether your chances of conceiving a baby have been affected.
The following organisations can offer information and support:
The Ectopic Pregnancy Trust, helpline 020 7733 2653, Monday to Friday 10am-4pm
The Miscarriage Association, helpline 01924 200 799, Monday to Friday 9am-4pm
Infertility Network UK, Freefone helpline 0800 008 7464, or 01424 732 361 from a mobile
