It is not always possible to prevent psychosis. For example, schizophrenia is caused by a combination of biological, psychological and environmental factors that you may not be able to avoid. However, you can prevent psychosis that is caused by substances by not taking illegal drugs.
Cannabis
Research has shown that regular cannabis users are 40% more likely to develop a psychotic illness, such as schizophrenia, than people who do not use the drug.
Cannabis is known to increase the levels of dopamine (a chemical that helps transmit messages) in your brain. Therefore, long-term cannabis use may cause permanent changes in your brain's chemistry that could lead to psychosis.
People who regularly use "skunk" (the herbal type of cannabis that is specifically bred for its increased strength) are thought to be most at risk.
You should also avoid using other recreational drugs, such as cocaine and ecstasy, because they will also increase your risk of developing psychosis.
Stress and depression
Experiencing prolonged bouts of stress can sometimes trigger an episode of depression. Both stress and depression are major risk factors for psychosis.
The advice listed below may help to reduce your stress levels, helping to prevent depression and subsequent psychotic episodes.
- Use a problem-solving approach to deal with stress and worries.
- Try to identify negative thoughts and change them to positive thoughts.
- Assess your symptoms regularly and consult your GP or counsellor if problems arise.
- Take regular exercise. Exercise triggers the release of a mood-boosting brain chemical called serotonin.
- Learn how to relax using relaxation exercises and tapes.
- Practise yoga and meditation, or have a massage to help relieve tension and anxiety.
- Join a self-help group to discuss your feelings and concerns. This can help you to feel less isolated.
- Avoid smoking, taking illegal drugs and drinking alcohol. These may make you feel better in the short-term, but they will usually make you feel much worse in the long-term.
See the Health A-Z topics about Depression and Stress for more information about these conditions.
