There is little in the way of hard scientific evidence to suggest specific medicinal treatments can help prevent middle ear infections. Research has shown cold and allergy medicines, such as antihistamines and decongestants, do not help prevent ear infections.
However some measures can help prevent a middle ear infection developing in children including:
- avoiding contact with children who are unwell
- avoiding exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (passive smoking)
If you or your child have symptoms of middle ear infection that do not resolve within three to four days, and antibiotics have not been prescribed, go back to your GP for a follow-up appointment.
Following an assessment, your GP will be able to recommend appropriate treatment. This will help to reduce the likelihood of a long-term infection developing.
Vaccination
A vaccination is currently being developed by scientists to help prevent middle ear infection. However, more clinical research needs to be completed before the vaccine becomes available.
Xylitol
Research has shown that consuming syrup or chewing gym containing xylitol reduces the incidence of acute middle ear infections in children.
Xylitol is a substance found in some trees, fruits and vegetables, and is used as a sweetener instead of sugar. It seems to stop bacteria growing in the mouth.
In children prone to ear infections, chewing gum that contains xylitol may help to prevent further episodes.
Otitis media with effusion
To reduce the risk of your child developing otitis media with effusion (OTE), also known as glue ear, ensure they:
- avoid secondhand smoke
- are breastfed (if possible); do not feed them by breast or bottle when they are lying face upwards
- avoid close contact with other children who are known to be infected
- avoid large groups of children, such as day care centres
