Intensive care

An intensive care unit (ICU), also sometimes known as a critical care unit or an intensive therapy department, is a special ward found inside most hospitals. It provides intensive care (treatment and monitoring) for people who are in a critically ill or unstable condition.

Patients in ICUs need constant medical support to keep their body functions going. They may not be able to breathe on their own, and may have multiple organ failure, so medical equipment takes the place of these functions while they recover.

There are several circumstances in which a person may be admitted to intensive care, for example, following surgery, or after an accident or severe illness. ICU beds are a very expensive and limited resource because they provide specialised monitoring equipment, a high degree of medical expertise and constant access to highly trained nurses (usually one nurse for each bed).

Some ICUs are attached to units treating specific conditions, such as heart, kidney, liver, breathing, circulation or nervous disorders. Others specialise in the care of babies (neonatal), children (paediatrics), or deal with severe injury or trauma.

Being in an ICU can be a daunting experience both for the patient and his or her friends and family. The healthcare professionals in ICUs understand this and are there to help and support both patients and their families during their time in intensive care.