Epilepsy can be difficult to diagnose because many other conditions, such migraines and panic attacks, can cause similar symptoms.
If you have had a seizure, you will be referred to a specialist in epilepsy, normally a neurologist (a doctor who specialises in conditions that affect the nervous system).
The doctor will ask you what you can remember about the seizure and any symptoms you may have had before it happened, such as feeling strange before the seizure or experiencing any warning signs. It may be useful to talk to anyone who witnessed your seizure and ask them exactly what they saw, especially if you cannot remember the seizure.
The doctor will also ask about your medical and personal history and whether you use any medicines, drugs or alcohol.
The doctor should be able to make a diagnosis of epilepsy from the information you give, but they may run further tests.
You may need an electroencephalogram (EEG), which can detect unusual brain activity associated with epilepsy. Or you may have a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, which can spot any defects in the structure of your brain.
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
An EEG test measures the electrical activity of your brain through electrodes placed on your scalp. During the test, you may be asked to breathe deeply or close your eyes, as these actions could reveal unusual brain activity associated with epilepsy.
You may also be asked to look at a flashing light, but the test will be stopped immediately if it looks like the flashing light could trigger a seizure.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan
An MRI scan can often detect possible causes of epilepsy, such as defects in the structure of your brain or the presence of a brain tumour.
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