You can treat a Baker’s cyst yourself at home. Further treatment is only needed if your cyst stops you using your knee properly or causes pain that doesn't go away.
To treat a Baker's cyst:
- Take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, to reduce swelling and pain in the affected knee.
- Hold an ice pack to the knee to reduce any swelling. Try a bag of frozen peas wrapped in a cloth (never put ice directly on your skin).
- Rest your knee joint.
- Use compression bandages to support your knee joint. You can buy these from a pharmacy.
Further treatment
See your GP for further treatment if your cyst still causes problems after you have tried the treatments above.
One treatment option is to inject corticosteroid medication directly into the affected knee. This helps reduce inflammation and swelling.
Treating a ruptured cyst
In rare cases, a Baker’s cyst can burst, causing fluid to leak down into your calf. This can cause sharp pain and swelling in your calf. The fluid will gradually be reabsorbed into the body over one to four weeks.
Prescription painkillers – usually a combination of paracetamol and codeine – can be used to control any pain. See your GP for a prescription.
Surgery to repair damage to the knee
If there is a lot of damage to the knee joint, due to a condition such as osteoarthritis or a physical injury – surgery may be needed to fix the problem with the joint. This is usually done using a surgical technique called arthroscopy.
Arthroscopy is a form of keyhole surgery that is used to look inside a joint and repair or remove any damage that has occurred.
An instrument called an arthroscope is passed through the skin to light up and magnify the joint, so the surgeon can assess the inside of the joint and deal with any damaged tissue or bone. An arthroscope is a narrow tube with a light and camera attached that sends pictures back to a television monitor.
